What is the minimum angle of approach and departure that must be maintained at the front and rear of the vehicle?

• A. 8 degrees
• B. 6 degrees
• C. 10 degrees
• D. 12 degrees

Answer: (A)

Think of the angles of approach and departure as the clearance the vehicle needs to avoid scraping the bottom when it meets or leaves an obstacle. If an obstacle is encountered with too steep a slope, the front or rear bumper can strike the ground before the wheels clear, especially on a heavy emergency vehicle with higher ground clearance. The minimum ensures there’s enough room for the lowest point of the vehicle to pass over safely during a climb or a backing maneuver. Eight degrees is the standard minimum in EVT training for both front approach and rear departure, giving safe clearance without adding unnecessary height. Going with a smaller angle raises the risk of contact; larger angles simply provide more margin, which isn’t required by the standard.